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Agat (computer)
The Agat ((ロシア語:Агат)) was a series of 8-bit computers produced in the Soviet Union. A clone of the Apple II with some modifications, it was only partially compatible with Apple. Commissioned by the USSR Ministry of Radio, for many years it was a popular microcomputer in Soviet schools. First introduced at a Moscow trade fair in 1983, the Agat was primarily produced between 1984 and 1990, although a limited number of units may have been manufactured as late as 1993.
==Architecture and Design==
The Agat was based primarily on the design of the Apple II,〔〔 but circumstances in the Soviet Union necessitated certain changes to the design. Primary among these were the lack of a reliable local source of the MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor. To compensate for this, a domestically produced "partitioned 588 series" CPU was used instead, which simulated the 6502 instruction set. While this permitted some degree of compatibility with the Apple, timing differences between the two CPUs rendered certain tasks (such as hard disk access and sound generation) impossible. Later models incorporated actual MOS 6502 CPUs which permitted a greater degree of interoperability between the two platforms.
Early editions of the Agat came with a cassette tape reader and a keyboard, although later editions replaced the tape reader with a 5¼ inch floppy disk drive. The keyboard utilised the standard Russian keyboard layout, and offered a choice between either Cyrillic or Latin symbols. Earlier models had very limited upgradeability, but later models incorporated additional upgrade and peripheral slots to allow expansion. Other available peripherals included a printer, mouse, and memory upgrades. The display was provided through a 30 cm Secam television, rather than a specialised computer monitor, that was connected to the rest of the machine through a 1 metre long cable.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Old-Computers.com - LEMZ Agat )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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